Oil-burner



-(N`o Model.)

H. C. HORNISH.

OIL BURNER.

` No. 579,435. Patented Mar. 23,1897.

wbawboz nire Sirenas HARRY O. IIORNISl-I, OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 579,435, dated March23, 1897'. Application filed June 9, 1896. Serial No. 594,845. (Nomodel.)

To all wie/0711, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY C. HORNISH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Peoria, in the county of Peoria and State of Illinois,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and

exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in oil-burners, the objects in viewbeing to produce a simple and cheaply-constru cted burner that isadapted for artificial or natural gas or for burning oil and which byits peculiar construction will accomplish the same in safety and producea most efficient and intense heat, thoroughly distributing the same anddischarging it at proper points over the burner.

Various other objects and advantages of my invention will hereinafterappear, and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed outin the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a plan view of a burner embodyingmy invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view, the burner-cap being removed.Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on the line @c c of Fig. l. Fig. 4Eis a bottorn plan with the drip-pan removed. Fig. 5 is a detail of aportion of the edge of the burner-cap.

Like numerals indicate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In constructing my burner I employ a circular hollow retort l, havingparallel flat and disk-like bottom and top walls 2 and 3, respectively,and surrounded by a superficial hollow flange 4 on its upper side.Between the bottom and top walls 2 and 3 suitable intermediate stays orbraces 4a are interposed.

The bottom wall 2 is provided at one side of its center with a tubularfeed-passage 5, that extends at its upper end above the bottom wall ofthe retort, while its lower end eX- tends some distance below the same,at which point it is adapted for the reception of a plug for closing thesame or for a feed-pipe G. Between the shoulders of the feed-pipe G andthe lower end of the feed-passage 5 there is securely clamped and heldin position parallel to and under the retort a drip-pan '7, the

same having a surrounding flange 8. One or more threaded openings 9 maybe formed in the feed passage 5, which are closed by threaded plugs l0when the feed-pipe 9 is secured to the lower end of said feed-passage.This passage, however, may be closed at its lower end. by a suitableplug and the feedpipe connected to any one of Vthe openings 9 which isunplugged for the reception thereof inwaccordance with the relativeposition of the burner and the source of supply or other contingencies.

Diametrically opposite the feed-passage a flanged and threaded openingllis formed in the bottom 2 of the retort, and located within theopening and extending above and below the same is the vaporpipe 12, thelower end of which is provided with a horizontal branch 13, that extendsunder and beyond the center of ,the retort between said retort anddrip-pan and is closed at its outer end. Below the center of the retortthe vapor-pipe is provided in its upperside with a dischargeorifice lll,and that end of the vapor-pipe that is within the retort is preferablynotched, as indicated at l5, in order that it may be maintained openeven though foreign bodies, such as residuumv carbon, should becomeaccidentally lodged thereagainst.

At its center the retort -is provided with a walled mixing-chamber 16,the same having its lower half preferably slightly flared, as shown,while its upper half is of a uniform 'bore and is provided with acentral annular horizontal seat 17. Arranged over the retort and restingdat upon the top wall of the same is a couvexed metal cap 18, the centerof which is provided with an opening 19, from which depends an annularflange 20, the same being designed to fit and be seated upon the seat17, and thus form a continuation of the mixing-chamber to a point abovethe uppci1 side of the retort.

At intervals I have cast upon the upperside of the retort in annularseries lugs 21, the inner faces ofwhich are beveled, three of such lugsbeing deemed sufficient, and which for the purpose of convenience Iprefer to designate as centeringlugs,7 in that they readily center theburner-cap, the beveled faces of the lugs facilitating the same. Spaceda slight roo distance from these lugs and on a circle within the sainelugs 22 may also be cast upon tho upper side of the retort.

23 designates a concave-convex burner-cap, the same having a peripheraldepending flange 24, in which kerfs 25 are at intervals formed, the samethus producing a series of teeth 26, the lower ends of which are beveledat opposite sides, as at 27, thus enlarging the openings or kerfs 25 atthese points. At intervals the flange 24 may be provided with radiallugs 28, and I prefer to provide thecap with an integrally-cast verticalflange 29, that extends therearound and strengthens the same. At theupper edge of the cap a horizonta'l deflecting-'flange 30 extendsradially.

It will be obvious that the cap, being properly proportioned, will, whenplaced in position upon the retort, be absolutely self-centering, itsflange taking between the lugs 2l and 22, and, in fact, should eitherone of these be accidentally broken those remaining will serve thepurpose; or, again,the radial lugs 28, being guided by the hollowexternal flange 4, will likewise aid in this purpose, so that adisplacement of the cap while on the retort with relation to themixing-chamber becomes an impossibility.

In operation oil is fed through the oil-passage into the retort until itoverflows into the vapor -pipes l2 and 13 and is discharged through theopening I4 into the drip-pan 7. The oil-supply is now cut off and theoverflowed oil ignited. The ignition of the oil within the vapor-panheats the body of oil in the retort and vapor-pipe, causing said oil tovaporize and expand, and as the vapor issues from the discharge-orifice14 it acts upon the retort, heating and vaporizin g the oil therein, andbecoming mixed with the air within the mixing chamber rises therein andlis discharged in a gaseous condition. against the under side of theburner-cap 23, being diffused by the latter in equal proportions andconfined in its radial passage to the openings 25 between saidburner-cap 25 and the convexed cap 18. -Passing through the opening 25it is maintained horizontally and finally discharged against the tubulardeflectingflange 4, whereby its course is changed and an annular flameresults.

The convex cap 1S and its depending flan ge 20 are made removable fromthe retort when it is desired to burn natural gas or. gas that isalready manufactured, such cap being then unnecessary and only beingessential when oil is'employed. In the latter instance the said cap i8serves to increase the length of the mixing-chamber, so that a morethorough mixing takes place between the vapor and air, and the flamebeing feebler than where a natural-gas supply is employed can be moreevenly and effectually dis-tributed around and under the burner-cap.

Any suitable form of cut-off may be employed in connection with myburner, but as a simple form I suggest the one herein shown. Atdiametrically opposite sides of the retort I forni lateral lugs 31, andto one of these I pivot, as at 32, the cut-off plate 33. This plate ismade narrow and extends radially under the retort to the opposite lug,where it is provided with a lateral segmentally-shaped extension 34,provided with a slot 35. A headed stud 30 is arranged in the slot anddepends from the lng. A perforated ear 37 is formed on the outer end ofthe cut-off, by which the cut-off may be conveniently operated. Thiscut-off is widened at its center, so

-as to form opposite extensions 39 and 40, the

rst-inentioned being imperforateand the second having a hole 4l. It willbe obvious that by swinging the cut-oft in one direction the mixing-chamber is closed, as when the oil is first ignited, and by swinging it inthe opposite direction the mixing-chamber is opened. Thus, also, may theflame be graduated, so as to be more or less intense.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isf- I. Theherein-described burner consisting of a retort, having a central walledopening forming a mixing-chamber, an independent convex cap resting onthe retort and having an openin g coincident with the mixing-chamber,and a flange depending into the walled opening of the chamber from saidcap, and a burner-cap arranged thereover, substantially as specified.

2. The herein-described burner, the same consisting of a retort having acentral walled opening, forminga mixing-chamber, a convex cap seatedloosely and removably on the retort and having an opening coincidingwith the mixing-chamber, and a concave burnercap arranged thereover andcombining with the same to form avapor-passage, substantially asspecified.

3. The herein-described burner, the same consisting of a retort having acentral walled opening, the lower end of which is 'flared and at anintermediate point provided with an an- .nular recess or seat, a convexcap removably seated on the retort and having an opening coinciding withthe mixing-chamber, an annular flange depending from the opening andtaking within the seat, and a burner-cap arranged over the saine andcombining therewith to form an intermediate passage, substantially asspecified.

4. The burner consisting of the retort having an outer peripheralflange, a cap arranged upon the retort within the flange and havingdischarge-openings at its lower edge and radial lugs 28 projecting fromthe edge of the cap and terminating against the flange, substantially asspecified.

5. The burner consisting of the retort having a central mixing-chamberand an outer circular vertical peripheral flange, a removable cap ofless diameter than the flange arranged over the mixing-chamber andhaving IOO IIO

IIS

IZO

openings at its lower edge and inner and ou ter beveled lugs formed onthe retort in annular series between the mixing-Chamber and flange so asto embrace the opposite sides of the lower edge of the cap and thuscenter the same with relation to the mixing-chamber and peripheralflange, substantially as speeied.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of tWo Wltnesses.

HARRY C. HORNISH.

Vtnesses:

I-I'. A. SPRINGSTEEN, GEORGE W. WEIR.

